Paper money, instalments of debts, occlusion of Courts, making property a legal tender, may likewise be deemed aggressions on the rights of other States. See the law of Virginia restricting foreign vessels to certain ports-of Maryland in favor of vessels belonging to her own citizens-of N. These are alarming symptoms, and may be daily apprehended as we are admonished by daily experience. Trespasses of the States on the rights of each other.

those disputes with other nations, which being among the greatest of public calamities, it ought to be least in the power of any part of the Community to bring on the whole. This moderation however cannot be mistaken for a permanent partiality to our faults, or a permanent security agst. The causes of these irregularities must necessarily produce frequent violations of the law of nations in other respects.Īs yet foreign powers have not been rigorous in animadverting on us. The Treaty of peace-the treaty with France-the treaty with Holland have each been violated. Accordingly not a year has passed without instances of them in some one or other of the States. 4įrom the number of Legislatures, the sphere of life from which most of their members are taken, and the circumstances under which their legislative business is carried on, irregularities of this kind must frequently happen. Violations of the law of nations and of treaties. Jersey-the troops raised and to be kept up by Massts.ģ. Among these examples are the wars and Treaties of Georgia with the Indians–The unlicensed compacts between Virginia and Maryland, and between Pena. 3Įxamples of this are numerous and repetitions may be foreseen in almost every case where any favorite object of a State shall present a temptation. Encroachments by the States on the federal authority. This evil has been so fully experienced both during the war and since the peace, results so naturally from the number and independent authority of the States and has been so uniformly examplified in every similar Confederacy, that it may be considered as not less radically and permanently inherent in, than it is fatal to the object of, the present System. Failure of the States to comply with the Constitutional requisitions. Vices of the Political System of the United States by James Madisonġ.

What is the purposes of having vices